The fl was hardly ever used in class and no language communication skills were developed. Teaching english language methods and approaches contents 1 language. Listed below are brief summaries of some of the more popular second language teaching methods of the last half century. This video series featuring live demonstrations of current methods of teaching english as a second language has been produced in the usia worldnet studios in washington, d,c. The purpose of teaching english is to encourage the students. Teaching english as a second language tesl requires a strong grounding in english grammar and vocabulary. The problems related to methods, approaches, reading, writing, listening and speaking skills, teaching of prose, poetry and grammar, testing and evaluation. Speaking is a crucial part of second language learning and teaching. The direct method of teaching an english language came as a reaction against the translationcumgrammar method. The teaching materials which form the basis for these six unrehearsed classroom lessons were created by prof. Students can speak english using grammar and vocabulary.
It also takes knowledge of methods for teaching nonnative speakers. Explore practical approaches to language teaching and put them into practice. The direct method of teaching english is one the most widely known methods. This method was used for teaching and learning latin and it places a lot of emphasis on learning.
At the same time, it serves to define almost everything that makes a person unique. Different approaches to teaching english as a foreign. Pdf modern approaches and methods in teaching english. Teaching english as a second language the classroom. Pdf methods of teaching english as a foreign language. Each variety of english marks a speech community, and in.
Within a broader perspective, those linguistic studies which affect other domains, such as first and second language acquisition, fl teaching, language for specific purposes, sociolinguistics and pragmatics, discourse analysis, psycholinguistics. The communicative approach, which was in vogue in the late 90s, is still widely considered as the latest advancement in modern language teaching. More than any other discipline, english language teaching tradition has methods and strategies in teaching english as a second language been practiced in various adaptations. Language teaching approaches and methods have cast light on the language teaching theory and practice. Different approaches to teaching english as a foreign language to young learners. Global tesol materials and methods for teaching english.
It substituted language contact for grammar recitation and language use for translation. Suggestopedia, the silent way and the communicative approach. It allows people to communicate across time and distance. While traditional methodologies such as the audiolingual and direct methods still offer useful elements, theyre clearly outdated in the modern classroom. Medved krajnovic encyclopedia of life support systems eolss the second part of the article is devoted to second language acquisition sla. Approaches and methods for foreign language teaching 2 main issues of this unit. Six key strategies for teachers of englishlanguage learners. Pdf modern approaches and methods in teaching english language. A total of 67 participants took part in this study which included 30 students m14, f16 and 37 teachers m16, f21. The schoolroom should have models of things, and fail ing that, pictures of them. Six key strategies for teachers of englishlanguage learners the new teacher center ntc was established in 1988 at the university of california at santa cruz, with the goal of supporting new k12 teachers and administrators during their first two years in the profession. Approaches and methods in language teaching grammar translation method.
The grammar translation method, the direct method, audio. Limited literacy in a native language l1 can create an obstacle for literacy in a second language l2. No matter what your background, or experience level, you will encounter constant new challenges. Effective methods of teaching english as a second language in the. Teaching english as a second or foreign language wikipedia. Even though this is a book about language teaching, any discussion of teaching needs to start with students. An overview of approaches to second language acquisition and. An experienced professional language teacher always adopts the principled eclecticism approach, deciding on the most suitable techniques and applying the most appropriate methodology for that learners specific objectives, learning style and context. Tpr is one of the most important teaching approaches which can be adapted to a various number of teaching situations, and children really have fun doing it. In addition, youll need to know how to choose appropriate material and activities when planning lessons.
Language teaching methodology and second language acquisition. To help raise teacher awareness of language learning through the programme of inquiry. To develop english language learners command of english in the four basic skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing so that they will be able to function in the. Explore some of the challenges involved in teaching listening. Communicative language teaching clt the focus of this method is to enable the learner to communicate effectively and appropriately in the various situations she would be likely to find herself in. Approaches and methods for foreign language teaching.
The iii active learning method alm objectives of teaching. Doc methods and strategies in teaching english as a second. Cultural norms or classroom routines, such as raising your hand or brainstorming, are foreign concepts and acclimation requires time. Aug 28, 2017 there has always been and will probably always be debate about the best approaches to teaching in any subject area, and acquiring a new language is no exception. It is the method of teaching english through conversation, discussion and reading.
It aims to both help stakeholders develop a better understanding of the key issues in second language teaching. Second foreign language teaching methodologies presented by. Linguistics language teaching methodology and second language acquisition j. Applied linguistics to foreign language teaching and learning unit 2. The tridistrict esl teachers are using the teaching methods inspired by. Tpr imperatives in teaching english as a second language in kindergarten or ell environment are seen as an important second language learning method or, according to some linguists, approach. Grammar translation method was the most popular and widely used method for language teaching between the ages of 1840 to 1940. Methods and strategies in teaching english as a second. Li shengxi luan lei ma huan ye min ma 03 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Methods of teaching english have developed rapidly, especially in the previous 40 years. There are a few methods for teaching esl students that teachers have found valuable. The skill of a second language teacher lies in selecting an approach, method, and a technique in view of the learners educational, social and economical. This 30hour course presents a practical moderngrammar and communicative approach to teaching english as a second or additional language in an english speaking country or as a foreign language in another country.
Each approach or method has an articulated theoretical orientation and a collection of strategies and learning activities designed to reach the specified goals and achieve the learning outcomes of the teaching and learning processes. The theory of language adopted will affect the organisation and selection of language content. Ryosuke aoyama, exploring japanese high school students l1 use in translanguaging in the communicative efl classroom. Language teaching methods a guide to learning english. Second and foreign language teaching methods moramodules.
It is also called as the natural method or reformed method. Dm was developed in the late 19th century by language teachers who saw the language classroom as too often a place where students simply memorized translations of words and conjugations of verbs. Unesco eolss sample chapters linguistics language teaching methodology and second language acquisition j. Pdf teaching english language methods and approaches. On teaching strategies in second language acquisition. Unlike a lot of the other methods and approaches of teaching english as a second language, a lot of the l1 mother tongue is used for translation purposes. English language teaching methodology is not the same one like teaching of maths or physics. The usual way to do this is to discuss some research results first, outline a possible theory, and then list some implications. Despite its importance, for many years, teaching speaking has been undervalued and english language teachers have. The teaching profession has historically used different names for tefl and tesl.
Methods and approaches of english language teaching. Each approach or method has an articulated theoretical orientation and a collection of strategies and learning activities designed to reach the specified goals and. For a more detailed analysis of the different methods, see approaches and methods in language teaching richards, j. Approaches and methods for foreign language teaching evdokia karavas school of philosophy faculty of english language and literature. Teaching english as a second language free course alison. Teaching english as a foreign language second edition geoffrey broughton, christopher brumfit, roger flavell, peter hill and anita pincas university of london institute of education. An analysis of language teaching approaches and methods effectiveness and weakness liu qingxue, shi jinfang foreign language school, east china jiaotong university, nanchang jiangxi 3300,china abstract. This 30hour course presents a practical moderngrammar and communicative approach to teaching english as a second or additional language in an englishspeaking country or as a foreign language in another country. A key eld strategy is to provide comprehensible input for the english language learner by the use of visuals, realia, and gestures. Approaches and methods for foreign language teaching 12. Methodologies adapted in earlier days communication is the groundwork ba sed on which any idea can p rogress and.
Six key strategies for teachers of english language learners the new teacher center ntc was established in 1988 at the university of california at santa cruz, with the goal of supporting new k12 teachers and administrators during their first two years in the profession. Esl teachers need a toolkit of workable teaching strategies. The study investigated the preferred methods of teaching and learning english language among a sample of teachers and students from higher secondary schools in bangalore, india. Strategies for teaching english language learners scholastic. Speaking is the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and nonverbal symbols, in a variety of contexts chaney, 1998, p. Teaching english as a second language tesl refers to teaching english to students whose first language is not english, usually offered in a region where english is the dominant language and natural english language immersion situations are apt to be plentiful. Approaches to teaching english as a second language. I hope this paper will help esl teachers to gain an insight into developing an appropriate teaching material and selecting an effective, suitable teaching method. A longitudinal study of learning to teach english pronunciation. Modern approaches and methods in teaching english language kamalja mahesh deelip khatik salman faruk hitesh tarachand gadilohar ses r. If you can teach english, you can gain a secure and meaningful career anywhere in the world.
Medved krajnovic encyclopedia of life support systems eolss to train the mind of the student. An analysis of language teaching approaches and methods. Starting with the development stages of second language acquisition and. How to teach english as a second language 10 valuable tips. Teaching english as a second langu age for beginners is a challenging task for anyone. To create a resource bank of language teaching strategies, ideas and techniques for teachers to use when implementing units of inquiry.
Teslej the electronic journal for english as a second. Language education is a branch of applied linguistics. Indian people consider english as a second language. This module provides a description of the basic principles and procedures of the most recognized and commonly used approaches and methods for teaching a second or foreign language. A total of 67 participants took part in this study which included 30 students m14, f16 and 37 teachers. There are four main learning categories for language education. English teaching methods teach english abroad get tefl. Merging tenets of behaviorism with innatism in the interaction theory and adapting theories on second language acquisition the second language teaching.
Mar 20, 2020 how to teach english as a second language to beginners. Pdf different approaches to teaching english as a foreign. Most tesol tefl training programs still live and swear by it. All language used involves language functions such as inviting, agreeing, disagreeing etc. On this tape you will see demonstrations of three language teaching methods. Teaching english has become nowadays a real challenge because we live in a fastmoving society and young people, who can easily access all types of.
The clt method differs radically from the other, older approaches to teaching english as a second language that have tended to dominate language teaching over the years. It enjoyed immense popularity because it overcame the two major defects of the grammartranslation method. Texts for a methods course in tesol, language learning 23 1973. How to teach english as a second language to beginners. The content of clt courses are functions such as inviting, suggesting, complaining or notions such as the expression of time, quantity, location. The aim of teaching english in india is to help students to acquire practical command of english. For tips on integrating eld strategies into your classroom, visit my blog strategies for teaching english language learners. Explore practical approaches to language teachingand put them into practice. With this free course, youll learn all you need to become an indemand english teacher, from key classroom management skills to the theories and practice of teaching english as a second language tesl.
It is an instrument, a means for acquiring knowledge. Second language teaching methods linkedin slideshare. It is not the medium of instruction for a majority of the students. Applied linguistics to foreign language teaching and learning. Patel institute of pharmaceutical education and research. They reflect the beginnings of the discipline of applied linguistics that branch of language study concerned with the scientific study of second and foreign language teaching and learning. An overview of approaches to second language acquisition. Following the definition and the goals of this new discipline within applied linguistics. Language education the process and practice of teaching a second or foreign language is primarily a branch of applied linguistics, but can be an interdisciplinary field. This is probably one of the english teaching methods where the student feels the safest as theres a great emphasis on the relationship and bond between the student and teacher.
Jan 20, 2010 second foreign language teaching methodologies presented by. Teaching english as a second language for beginners is a challenging task for anyone. Language teaching strategies and techniques used to support. Teaching english as a foreign language, second edition. Approaches and methods for foreign language teaching 12 syllabus syllabus is the level at which theory is put into practice and at which choices are made about the content to be taught, the skills to be developed, the order of the content etc. This is the second tape in a twotape video series brought to you through the courtesy of the usia.